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How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

84companies1847–1998founding years82still active2no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironmentHistory
1903
TechnologyThe Wright brothers achieve powered flight.
1914
EconomyWorld War I begins; global trade reorders.
1939
EconomyWorld War II begins; wartime production surges.
1945
EconomyThe war ends; a long global expansion begins.
1947
TechnologyThe transistor is invented.
1958
TechnologyThe integrated circuit is demonstrated.
1962
EnvironmentSilent Spring launches the modern environmental movement.
1975
TechnologyThe personal-computer era begins.
1981
TechnologyThe IBM PC launches and sets a standard.
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
1989
HistoryThe Berlin Wall falls; global markets open up.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
1997
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

Burda Holding GmbH. & Co.
Active · Germany
Burda Holding GmbH.
Boatmen's Bancshares Inc.
Active · founded 1847
Boatmen's Bancshares Inc.
The Associated Press
Active · founded 1848
The Associated Press (AP) describes itself as the largest newsgathering organization in the world.
Société du Louvre
Defunct · founded 1855 · France
Société du Louvre does not run that Paris museum, but its properties are almost as distinguished.
The Chronicle Publishing Company, Inc.
Active · founded 1865
Publisher of The San Francisco Chronicle, The Chronicle Publishing Company, Inc.
Jacob Leinenkugel Brewing Company
Active · founded 1867
Jacob Leinenkugel Brewing Company is a prominent regional and specialty beer brewer.
Southam Inc.
Active · founded 1871 · Canada
Southam Inc.
Heidelberger Zement AG
Active · founded 1873 · Germany
Heidelberger Zement AG is one of the world's five largest producers of construction materials.
Vorwerk & Co.
Active · founded 1883 · Germany
For more than 100 years, Vorwerk & Co.
The Times Mirror Company
Active · founded 1884
The Times Mirror Company ranks among the top five newspaper companies in the United States.
Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
Active · founded 1889
Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
The Washington Post Company
Active · founded 1889
The Washington Post Company and its subsidiaries are leaders in the news and communications media industry.
N.V. Holdingmaatschappij De Telegraaf
Active · founded 1893 · The Netherlands
N.V.
Seattle Times Company
Active · founded 1896
Owner and operator of one of the last independent and locally owned metropolitan newspapers in the United States, the…
Herman Goelitz, Inc.
Active · founded 1898
Herman Goelitz, Inc.
The King Arthur Flour Company
Active · founded 1904
The King Arthur Flour Company celebrates its 210th anniversary in the year 2000.
Blue Diamond Growers
Active · founded 1910
Blue Diamond Growers is the world's largest tree nut marketer and also ranks as one of the largest agricultural…
Hartmarx Corporation
Active · founded 1911
Hartmarx Corporation is a holding company for a number of clothing companies, including its flagship brands of men's…
The Lane Co., Inc.
Active · founded 1912
The Lane Co., Inc.
Schott Brothers, Inc.
Active · founded 1913
Schott Brothers, Inc.
Lutheran Brotherhood
Active · founded 1917
Lutheran Brotherhood is the second-largest fraternal benefit society in the United States.
Shionogi & Co., Ltd.
Active · founded 1919 · Japan
Shionogi & Co., Ltd., ranks among Japan's leading developers, producers, and exporters of pharmaceuticals.
Zatarain's, Inc.
Active · founded 1922
Zatarain's, Inc., is a leading producer of rice mixes.
Advance Publications Inc.
Active · founded 1924
Family owned and operated, Advance Publications Inc.
Weis Markets, Inc.
Active · founded 1924
Weis Markets, Inc.
Rayonier Inc.
Active · founded 1926
Rayonier Inc.
The Copley Press, Inc.
Active · founded 1928
Owned and operated by the namesake Copley family, The Copley Press, Inc.
AMETEK, Inc.
Active · founded 1930
AMETEK, Inc.
McClatchy Newspapers, Inc.
Active · founded 1930
McClatchy Newspapers, Inc.
Porsche AG
Active · founded 1931 · Germany
Porsche AG is legendary for its innovative and beautiful automobile designs.
Value Line, Inc.
Active · founded 1931
Value Line, Inc.
Besnier SA
Active · founded 1933 · France
Besnier SA is France's largest dairy products producer and one of the largest dairy products producers in Europe.
Central Newspapers, Inc.
Active · founded 1934
Central Newspapers, Inc.
Cowles Media Company
Active · founded 1935
Until the late 1990s, Cowles Media Company stood as one of the nation's leading independent newspaper publishers.
World's Finest Chocolate Inc.
Active · founded 1939
World's Finest Chocolate Inc.
Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K.
Active · founded 1942 · Japan
c.
Jos. A. Bank Clothiers, Inc.
Active · founded 1945
Jos.
Kaman Corp.
Active · founded 1945
Kaman Corp.
Sub-Zero Freezer Co., Inc.
Active · founded 1945
Sub-Zero Freezer Co., Inc., is the leading manufacturer of built-in refrigerators, which can be fronted with cabinetry…
Gray Communications Systems, Inc.
Active · founded 1946
Established in 1946 by James H.
Iams Company
Active · founded 1946
Iams Company is a manufacturer of premium dog and cat foods which are distributed only through veterinarians, animal…
Ottaway Newspapers, Inc.
Active · founded 1946
Ottaway Newspapers, Inc.
Cumberland Packing Corporation
Active · founded 1947
Cumberland Packing Corporation is a relatively small, family-run business, yet it has been a major player in the…
Dal-Tile International Inc.
Active · founded 1947
Dal-Tile International Inc.
Johnston Industries, Inc.
Active · founded 1948
Although it got its start selling auto replacement parts, Johnston Industries, Inc.
Consorcio G Grupo Dina, S.A. de C.V.
Active · founded 1951 · Mexico
Consorcio G Grupo Dina , S.A.
Bayer A.G.
Active · founded 1952 · Germany
Bayer A.G., along with BASF and Hoechst, is heir to the German chemical cartel known as I.G.
WD-40 Company
Active · founded 1953
Since the 1950s, the San Diego-based WD-40 Company has dominated the U.S.
Dover Corporation
Active · founded 1955
Dover Corporation is a diversified industrial manufacturing holding company composed of about 50 subsidiaries with…
John Fairfax Holdings Limited
Active · founded 1955 · Australia
John Fairfax Holdings Limited is the holding company for an Australian publishing enterprise established more than 150…
Renault Argentina S.A.
Active · founded 1955 · Argentina
Of Argentina's ten automakers, almost all are closely held subsidiaries or affiliates of their American, European, or…
Hachette Filipacchi Medias S.A.
Defunct · founded 1957 · France
The June 1997 fusion of Filipacchi Medias S.A.
Tatung Co.
Active · founded 1957 · Taiwan
With ten domestic plants and nearly 20,000 employees, Tatung Co.
Marie Callender's Restaurant & Bakery, Inc.
Active · founded 1964
Marie Callender's Restaurant & Bakery, Inc.
Maxwell Communication Corporation plc
Active · founded 1964 · United Kingdom
Maxwell Communication Corporation plc (MCC) was formerly one of the world's ten largest media groups, with interests in…
National Picture & Frame Company
Active · founded 1964
National Picture & Frame Company is a major designer, manufacturer, and marketer of a wide variety of low-priced…
VNU N.V.
Active · founded 1964 · The Netherlands
The Netherlands' publishing group VNU N.V.
Ruth's Chris Steak House
Active · founded 1965
Ruth's Chris Steak House is an international chain of upscale restaurants.
Peet's Coffee & Tea, Inc.
Active · founded 1966
Founded in Berkeley, California, in the mid-1960s, Peet's Coffee & Tea, Inc.
Ceradyne, Inc.
Active · founded 1967
Ceradyne, Inc.
Multimedia, Inc.
Active · founded 1968
One of the most profitable media communications companies in the United States, Multimedia, Inc.
Offshore Logistics, Inc.
Active · founded 1969
Offshore Logistics, Inc., with headquarters in Lafayette, Louisiana, provides a variety of services to the petroleum…
Desc, S.A. de C.V.
Active · founded 1973 · Mexico
Desc, S.A.
News America Publishing Inc.
Active · founded 1973
News America Publishing Inc.
The Yankee Candle Company, Inc.
Active · founded 1973
The Yankee Candle Company Inc.
The Summit Bancorporation
Active · founded 1974
The Summit Bancorporation is the holding company for Summit Bank, New Jersey's fourth largest bank.
Westwood One, Inc.
Active · founded 1975
The second largest producer and distributor of radio programs in the United States, Westwood One, Inc.
Corporacion Nacional del Cobre de Chile
Active · founded 1976 · Chile
: 212234 Copper Ore & Nickel Ore Mining; 331411 Primary Smelting & Refining of Copper Ore The state-owned Corporacion…
The Really Useful Group
Active · founded 1977 · United Kingdom
The Really Useful Group is the umbrella corporation over a welter of entertainment and leisure companies that operate…
Affiliated Publications, Inc.
Active · founded 1978 · United States
Affiliated Publications, Inc., is the owner and operator of The Boston Globe, the principal newspaper of the Boston…
Riklis Family Corp.
Active · founded 1980
Riklis Family Corp.
Nimbus CD International, Inc.
Active · founded 1982
In the mid-1990s Nimbus CD International, Inc.
Grameen Bank
Active · founded 1983 · Bangladesh
Grameen Bank founder Muhammad Yunus pioneered the concept of 'micro-credit'--minuscule loans to the very poor.
Altera Corporation
Active · founded 1984
Founded in 1983, Altera Corporation is a leading maker of high-density programmable logic devices (PLDs), based on…
Novellus Systems, Inc.
Active · founded 1984
Based in San Jose, California, Novellus Systems, Inc.
Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc.
Active · founded 1984
Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc.
American Classic Voyages Company
Active · founded 1985
American Classic Voyages Company is parent company to two pleasure cruise companies, the Delta Queen Steamboat Company,…
Axel Springer Verlag AG
Active · founded 1985 · Germany
Over the course of its more than 50 years in business, Axel Springer Verlag AG has evolved from a publisher of local…
Brightpoint, Inc.
Active · founded 1989
Brightpoint, Inc.
Primedia Inc.
Active · founded 1989
Primedia Inc.
Rooms To Go Inc.
Active · founded 1990
Rooms To Go Inc., a low- to mid-priced furniture store chain, has rapidly expanded to more than 60 stores since opening…
Orkla A/S
Active · founded 1991 · Norway
Orkla A/S is the largest branded consumer goods group and food and beverage producer in Scandinavia and one of the five…
Footstar, Incorporated
Active · founded 1996
Footstar, Incorporated is a holding company whose two subsidiaries, Footaction and Meldisco, are leading shoe retailers…
Weatherford International, Inc.
Active · founded 1998
Houston-based Weatherford International, Inc.
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