COMPANYHISTORIES
NAIC 52221

Credit Card Issuing (pt)

How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

42companies1727–2000founding years39still active2no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironmentHistory
FoundedThe Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc
1727
FoundedCitigroup Inc.
1812
FoundedAustralia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited
1835
FoundedLloyds TSB Group plc
1865
FoundedGeneral Electric Company
1892
FoundedBank Leumi le-Israel B.M.
1902
1903
TechnologyThe Wright brothers achieve powered flight.
1914
EconomyWorld War I begins; global trade reorders.
FoundedBank Hapoalim B.M.
1921
FoundedTCF Financial Corporation
1923
FoundedU.S. Bancorp
1929
FoundedS.A.C.I. Falabella
1937
1939
EconomyWorld War II begins; wartime production surges.
1945
EconomyThe war ends; a long global expansion begins.
1947
TechnologyThe transistor is invented.
FoundedCommerzbank A.G.
1958
TechnologyThe integrated circuit is demonstrated.
FoundedCanadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
1961
1962
EnvironmentSilent Spring launches the modern environmental movement.
FoundedWells Fargo & Company
1968
FoundedUny Co., Ltd.
1971
FoundedEmpresas Almacenes Paris S.A.
1973
1975
TechnologyThe personal-computer era begins.
1981
TechnologyThe IBM PC launches and sets a standard.
FoundedMBNA Corporation
1982
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
FoundedDistribución y Servicio D&S S.A.
1985
1989
HistoryThe Berlin Wall falls; global markets open up.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
FoundedMetris Companies Inc.
1996
1997
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc →
Active · founded 1727 · United Kingdom
The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc ranks as the leading Scotland-based banking group and the number three bank in the…
FleetBoston Financial Corporation →
Defunct · founded 1791
FleetBoston Financial Corporation is the eighth largest bank in the United States and the largest in New England, with…
Citigroup Inc. →
Active · founded 1812
The largest financial services company in the world, with assets in excess of $1 trillion, Citigroup Inc.
The Bank of Nova Scotia →
Active · founded 1832 · Canada
The Bank of Nova Scotia, the second oldest bank in Canada, was the second largest Canadian bank in 2003 in term of…
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited →
Active · founded 1835 · Australia
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ANZ) is the second largest of the "Big Four" banks in Australia,…
Firstar Corporation →
Active · founded 1853
Firstar Corporation is among the leading bank corporations in the United States, with a particularly dominant market…
Credit Suisse Group →
Active · founded 1856 · Switzerland
Credit Suisse Group, which began as a commercial bank in 1856, at a time when Switzerland was first embracing the…
Lloyds TSB Group plc →
Active · founded 1865 · United Kingdom
Lloyds TSB Group plc is one of the Big Four British clearing banks in the United Kingdom.
Grupo Financiero Banamex S.A. →
Active · founded 1884 · Mexico
Grupo Financiero Banamex S.A.
General Electric Company →
Active · founded 1892
The history of General Electric Company is a significant part of the history of technology in the United States.
Banco de Chile →
Active · founded 1893 · Chile
Banco de Chile is the second largest private bank in Chile and the largest that remains under Chilean ownership.
Bank Leumi le-Israel B.M. →
Renamed · founded 1902 · Israel
Bank Leumi le-Israel B.M., Israel's second-largest bank, has its origins in the modern Zionist movement of the late…
Fifth Third Bancorp →
Active · founded 1908
Based in Cincinnati, Ohio, Fifth Third Bancorp is a holding company that operates 12 banking affiliates, managed…
UBS AG →
Active · founded 1912 · Switzerland
UBS AG was formed from the 1998 megamerger of Swiss Bank Corporation and Union Bank of Switzerland.
Bank Hapoalim B.M. →
Active · founded 1921 · Israel
Bank Hapoalim B.M.
USAA →
Active · founded 1922
USAA is a diversified insurance and financial services company patronized primarily by U.S.
TCF Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1923
TCF Financial Corporation, a financial holding company that compares itself to large successful retailers instead of…
Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Company →
Active · founded 1924
Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Company, formed in 1997 through the merger of Morgan Stanley Group, Inc.
U.S. Bancorp →
Active · founded 1929
U.S.
Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer S.A. →
Active · founded 1932 · Mexico
Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer S.A.
Empresas Copec S.A. →
Active · founded 1934 · Chile
Empresas Copec S.A.
S.A.C.I. Falabella →
Active · founded 1937 · Chile
S.A.C.I.
Nippon Shinpan Co., Ltd. →
Active · founded 1951 · Japan
One of Japan's leading consumer lending companies, Nippon Shinpan Co., Ltd.
Commerzbank A.G. →
Active · founded 1958 · Germany
Commerzbank A.G.
Wachovia Corporation →
Active · founded 1958
The new Wachovia Corporation was formed from the September 2001 merger of First Union Corporation and Wachovia…
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce →
Active · founded 1961 · Canada
The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) is Canada's third largest bank, trailing only Royal Bank of Canada and…
American Express Company →
Active · founded 1965
American Express Company, a multibillion-dollar holding company whose subsidiaries provide travel and financial…
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. →
Active · founded 1968
J.P.
Wells Fargo & Company →
Active · founded 1968
Wells Fargo & Company is a diversified financial services company, ranking as the seventh largest bank holding company…
Standard Chartered plc →
Active · founded 1969 · United Kingdom
Standard Chartered plc operates as the leading emerging markets bank in the world.
Uny Co., Ltd. →
Active · founded 1971 · Japan
Early 20th century:[fs54]Choju Nishikawaya opens a footwear store in Nudge, the largest city in Chubu.
Synovus Financial Corp. →
Active · founded 1972
Synovus Financial Corp.
Empresas Almacenes Paris S.A. →
Active · founded 1973 · Chile
Empresas Almacenes Paris S.A.
Advanta Corporation →
Active · founded 1974
Advanta Corporation originates, services, and sells small business credit card and home equity loans.
Cencosud S.A. →
Active · founded 1978 · Chile
Cencosud S.A.
MBNA Corporation →
Defunct · founded 1982
Delaware-based MBNA Corporation is a bank holding company.
Providian Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1984
Early 1990s:[fsps*2.5]First Deposit branches out into home-equity loans and secured credit cards.
Distribución y Servicio D&S S.A. →
Active · founded 1985 · Chile
Distribución y Servicio D&S S.A.
Capital One Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1995
Capital One Financial Corporation, a holding company, is perhaps best known for its inventive advertising of its credit…
Metris Companies Inc. →
Active · founded 1996
Metris Companies Inc., a financial products and services provider, has risen quickly in the industry by targeting the…
Bank One Corporation →
Active · founded 1998
Chicago-based Bank One Corporation formed in 1998 through the merger of Banc One Corporation, headquartered in…
Grupo Financiero Galicia S.A. →
Active · founded 2000 · Argentina
Grupo Financiero Galicia S.A.
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